Rana japonica LC50 12h

 

Endpoint

 

The acute aquatic toxicity model predicts the concentration of chemicals that kill 50% (LC50) of the test population Rana japonica (tadpole) within a designated period.

 

Data

 

The training set consists of LC50 values for 51 chemicals [1]:

 

  • Test duration - 12 hours,
  • Test species - Rana japonica (tadpole).

 

The tested chemicals belong to the following categories:

 

  • Narcotic toxicants - 12 chemicals,
  • Phenols and anilines - 27 chemicals,
  • Reactive unspecified chemicals - 12 chemicals.

 

Model

 

The organism response to the presence of toxicant in the environment is considered as a consequence of the combined influence of two different processes: uptake of the chemical into the biophase and interaction with the site of action [2].  In the present model, the uptake is modeled by maximum potential of the toxicant to bioconcentrate in the fish, while the interaction of chemicals is explained by descriptors assessing the electrophilic character of the molecule [3].  Such descriptors could include the energy of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital, electronegativity, average or maximum superdelocalizability, maximum charge at non-hydrogen atom, etc.  The following models were developed based on regression analysis of the data:

 

Narcotic toxicants

log 1/LC50 = 1.39(±0.12)+0.94(±0.04) logBCFmax -0.57(±0.06)ELUMO

 

Phenols and anilines

log 1/LC50 = 1.70(±0.15)+0.98(±0.09) logBCFmax -0.50(±0.06)ELUMO 

 

where BCFMax is the maximum bioconcentration factor [4], and ELUMO is the energy of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital.  For the reactive unspecified chemicals, only the minimum toxicity is determined based on the model for narcotic chemicals (i.e.,  log 1/EC50 ≥ log 1/EC50  of narcotics).

 

Domain

 

The stepwise approach [5] was used to define the applicability domain of the model.  It consists of the following sub-domain levels:

 

  • General parametric requirements - includes ranges of variation of log KOW and MW,
  • Structural domain - based on atom-centered fragments (ACFs).

 

A chemical is considered In Domain if its log KOW and MW are within the specified ranges and its ACFs are presented in the training chemicals.  The information implemented in the applicability domain is extracted from the correctly predicted training chemicals used to build the model and in this respect the applicability domain determines practically the interpolation space of the model.

 

Statistics

 

The precision of the regression model is characterized by the following estimates - the 95% confidence intervals of model parameters, coefficient of determination (R2), mean squared error (estimate of error variance, s2), F value:

 

Narcotic toxicants

 

  • Coefficient of determination R2 = 0.98,
  • Mean squared error (estimate of error variance) s2 = 0.005,
  • F value = 237.3,
  • Number of chemicals, n = 12.

 

Phenols and anilines

 

  • Coefficient of determination R2 = 0.88,
  • Mean squared error (estimate of error variance) s2 = 0.04,
  • F value = 85.37,
  • Number of chemicals, n = 27.

 

References

 

1. H. Huang, X. Wang, W. Ou, J. Zhao, Y. Shao, L. Wang,Acute toxicity of benzene derivatives to the tadpoles (Rana japonica) and QSAR analyses, Chemosphere 53 (2003) 963-970.
2. J.W. McFarland, J. Med. Chem. 13 (1970) 1092-1196.
3. S.D. Dimitrov, O.G. Mekenyan, G.D. Sinks, T.W. Schultz, Journal of Molecular Structure (Theochem), 622 (2003) 63-70.
4. S. Dimitrov, N. Dimitrova, D. Georgieva, K. Vasilev, T. Hatfield, J. Straka, O. Mekenyan, SAR and QSAR in Environmental Research, 23 (2012) 17-36.
5. S. Dimitrov, G. Dimitrova, T. Pavlov, N. Dimitrova, G. Patlevisz, J. Niemela and O. Mekenyan, J. Chem. Inf. Model. 45 (2005)  839-849.

Rana japonica

Model features

 

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